Description:

AKSELROD MARK (MEER) MOISEEVICH (RUSSIAN 1902-1970), At the Komsomol(?) factory, 1934, watercolor and gouache on paper, 31 x 49.7 cm (12 3/16 x 27 3/16 in), signed and dated lower right, as well as signed, dated, and inscribed on verso

LOT NOTES
Mark Akselrod was a well-known Russian (Soviet) painter, graphic, and theatre artist of Jewish origin. He is best known for his watercolors depicting the lifestyle of Jewish people in the Russian Empire and the USSR. Akselrod was born in Maladzyechna, a small Jewish town in Belarus, where, as a child, he survived a pogrom and moved to Russia during World War I. In the 1920`s Akselrod graduated from VKhUTEMAS and began teaching in VKhUTEIN and the Textile Institute (1928-1932). At this time, he became one of the members of the "4 Arts" group. He was frowned upon in Soviet newspapers for pessimism, sketchiness, deformations, incomplete nature and even his proximity in style to Modigliani, and was thereby forced to shift to book illustrations and theatre work. In particular, he worked for the Belarus State Jewish Theatre, sometimes for Moscow State Jewish Theatre. During World War II, his brother, poet Zelik Akselrod, was executed (1941), and Akselrod himself lived in evacuation in Alma-Ata (1941-43), where he supported Jewish refugees from Poland. While in evacuation, Akselrod was part of Sergei Eisenstein`s crew during the filming of "Ivan the Terrible". Many of Akselrod`s paintings are dedicated to Jewish scenes, for instance the series “"Ghetto"” (1968-1969) and "“In the Steppe"” (based on his impressions from the trip to agricultural Jewish commune in Crimea in 1930-1931). The poet Arseniy Tarkovsky valued Akselrod`s work highly, remarking that the artist`s iron will made his artwork beautiful and honest. Akselrod’s works are kept in collections of the Tretyakov Gallery, the State Russian Museum, and the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts. His work was barely known outside the former Soviet Union until his daughter, Elena Akselrod, published her father's biography and a representative collection of his works in Israel in 1993.

PROVENANCE INFORMATION
This lot comes from the collection of Viktor Kholodkov (1948-2015), who fulfilled his passion for books, avant-garde design and paper memorabilia by devoting his life to collecting and dealing of prominent works of Russian graphic art of the first half of the 20th century. The dedicated collector acquired a multitude of books and artworks throughout decades, meticulously labeling and archiving every single item. Many came directly from the most preeminent artists of the time, as well as from their families and estates. He also possessed a vast number of drawings from the famous collection of another avant-garde enthusiast, Nikolai Khardzhiev. After leaving the USSR in 1989 and settling in California, Viktor continued his work as a Soviet art dealer and critic, actively publishing various articles and contributing to several major Russian avant-garde exhibitions across the U.S., such as the 1991 Russia Under Fire in the 40s on the West Coast and the 1992 Guggenheim exhibition The Great Utopia: The Russian and Soviet Avant-Garde. Kholodkov also contributed to the archives of the biggest American institutions. His sophisticated selection of over 2000 Russian sheet music covers was acquired by The Library of Congress, and an extensive amount of material related to VKhUTEMAS is now at the J. Paul Getty Museum.

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