Description:

Likely CHAIKOV IOSIF MOISEEVICH (RUSSIAN 1888-1979), [ Original design for an anti-fascist monument], c. 1940s, ink on paper, full sheet measuring 32 x 28.7 cm (12 5/8 x 11 5/16 in.)

LOT NOTES
Iosif Chaikov was a well-known Russian Social Realist sculptor and pedagogue of Jewish origin. Born in Kiev, he spent his childhood years as a copier of Jewish religious texts, and then began as an apprentice to an engraver. In 1910-1913 Chaikov studied sculpture in Paris under Boris Aronson, as well as at the École nationale supérieure des arts décoratifs and École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts. In 1912 Chaikov, along with other young artists, founded the Machmadim group, which also published a magazine in Yiddish under the same name. Chaikov exhibited at the 1913 Parisian Salon d’Automne. He returned to Russia in 1914 and was mainly active at this time in Kiev as an illustrator of Yiddish children`s books and the director of a children`s art studio. At the outbreak of the Revolution, Chaikov created agitprop posters. In the early 1920s, he moves to Moscow (1920), becomes a professor of sculpture at VKhUTEMAS, and takes an interest in Cubism — creating moving sculptures and combinations: "Bridge-builder" (1921), "Electrificator" (1925), and "Blacksmith" (1927). Chaikov would eventually seek out the development of "new Jewish art", rooted in a synthetic blend of Art-Nouveau and 20th century Orientalism. Later still he would denounce all ethnographic, folk, or primitivist content (until the 1930s). In 1922-1923 he worked in Berlin, and exhibited with other Soviet artists and the "November" group. In 1925-1926 Chaikov joins the ORS (Society of Russian Sculptors, which he would go on to direct several years later) and the "Four Arts" groups. Soon, however, he began to work as a Social Realist artists, designing, for example, the alley in Gorky Park (Moscow, 1931), the Soviet pavilions of the International Exposition / World Fair (Paris, 1937 and New York, 1939). Personal exhibitions in Moscow took place in 1948, 1959, and 1979. Chaikov`s works are held in collections of the Tretyakov Gallery (Moscow) and the Russian Museum (St. Petersburg).

PROVENANCE INFORMATION
These particular works were acquired from the artist`s family in the 1980`s by Viktor Kholodkov (1948-2015), who fulfilled his passion for books, avant-garde design and paper memorabilia by devoting his life to collecting and dealing of prominent works of Russian graphic art of the first half of the 20th century. The dedicated collector acquired a multitude of books and artworks throughout decades, meticulously labeling and archiving every single item. Many came directly from the most preeminent artists of the time, as well as from their families and estates. He also possessed a vast number of drawings from the famous collection of another avant-garde enthusiast, Nikolai Khardzhiev. After leaving the USSR in 1989 and settling in California, Viktor continued his work as a Soviet art dealer and critic, actively publishing various articles and contributing to several major Russian avant-garde exhibitions across the U.S., such as the 1991 Russia Under Fire in the 40s on the West Coast and the 1992 Guggenheim exhibition The Great Utopia: The Russian and Soviet Avant-Garde. Kholodkov also contributed to the archives of the biggest American institutions. His sophisticated selection of over 2000 Russian sheet music covers was acquired by The Library of Congress, and an extensive amount of material related to VKhUTEMAS is now at the J. Paul Getty Museum.

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