Description:

AXELROD, MARK MOISEEVICH (RUSSIAN 1902-1970), Glass Factory Scetch, 1936, gouache on paper, 30 x 37 cm (11 7/8 x 14 5/8 in), signed, titled and dated on verso.

LOT NOTES
Axelrod was born in Maladzyechna, a small Jewish town in Belarus. As a child, he survived a pogrom and moved to Russia during World War I. He was a well-known Russian and Soviet painter, graphic and theater artist, Jewish by origin. He is famous for his watercolors depicting the lifestyle of Jewish people in Russian Empire and USSR. He studied in VHUTEMAS-VKHUTEIN. He was frowned upon in Soviet newspapers for pessimism, sketchiness, deformations, incomplete nature and even his proximity in style to Modigliani. He was forced to shift to book illustrations and theatre work. In particular, he worked in Belarus State Jewish Theatre, sometimes in Moscow State Jewish Theatre. His brother Zelik Axelrod was executed in 1941. He lived in evacuation in Alma-Ata in 1941-43 where he supported Jewish refugees from Poland. Many of Axelrod`s paintings are dedicated to Jewish scenes, for instance the series “Ghetto” (1968-1969), series “In the Steppe” - based on the impressions from the trip to agricultural Jewish commune in Crimea in 1930-31. He is the author of the paintings “Recollections of the Old Minsk”. The poet Arseniy Tarkovsky valued highly his art. His artworks are kept in Tretyakov Gallery, Russian Museum, Pushkin Museum of Visual Art. His work was barely known outside the former Soviet Union until his daughter, Elena Akselrod, published her father's biography and a representative collection of his works in Israel in 1993.

PROVENANCE INFORMATION
The current lot comes from the collection of the esteemed collector and art critic Viktor Kholodkov (1948-2015), who fulfilled his passion for books, avant-garde design and paper memorabilia by devoting his life to collecting and dealing of prominent works of Russian graphic art of the first half of the 20th century. Kholodkov acquired a multitude of books and artworks throughout the decades, meticulously labeling and archiving every single item. Many came directly from the most preeminent artists of the time, as well as from their families and estates. He also possessed a vast number of drawings from the famous collection of another avant-garde enthusiast, Nikolai Khardzhiev. After leaving the USSR in 1989 and settling in California, Viktor continued his work as a Soviet art dealer and critic, actively publishing various articles and contributing to several major Russian avant-garde exhibitions across the U.S., such as the 1991 exhibition Russia Under Fire in the 40s on the West Coast and the 1992 Guggenheim exhibition The Great Utopia: The Russian and Soviet Avant-Garde. Kholodkov also contributed to the archives of the biggest American istitutions. His unique selection of over 2000 Russian sheet music covers was acquired by The Library of Congress, and an extensive amount of material related to VKhUTEMAS is now at the J. Paul Getty Museum.

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